Thermal evaluation of large green roofs in comparison to other flat roofs (With the upper layer of silver and white)

Document Type : Scientific Research

Authors

1 Associate Professor, Faculty of Architecture and Urbanism, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin

2 MSc Student in Energy and Architecture, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran

3 MSc Student in Energy and Architecture, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran.

Abstract

About 40% of the world's energy consumption is attributed to the cooling and heating of residential buildings. This has led researchers to reduce the amount of energy consumed in the field by using modern materials and techniques. One of the most effective architectural and construction solutions in this regard is the use of suitable materials in the design and construction of the buildings, with regard to outdoor space and the impact of climate and climate change on heat transfer between outdoor and indoor. The interior of the building was of great importance. So the positive impact of using proper roofing to reduce energy consumption of buildings has been proven, but how much of each of the conventional roofing materials has reduced the amount of energy wasted and consumed in the heating and cooling areas along with This is a subject that has been analyzed and addressed in this article. Green roofing is one of the new approaches of architecture and urbanization and derives from the concepts of sustainable urban development that can be used in roofing vegetation. Green roofs are not originally a new invention; grass roofs are a traditional construction technique in many parts of the world. The difference between a new green roof and a traditional green roof is due to the different purposes and materials used in these two types of roofs. The main purpose in the past has been to use grass to insulate and remove the sealing layer that is often applied to birch bark. But nowadays, green roofs are aimed at environmental, economic, and health-related improvements to surface sewage management in the city and to address aesthetic issues. The increasing use of the green roof system in recent decades, especially in developed countries, high land prices, population growth and low green space, has led to improvements in the current state of energy consumption, Become more important than ever. Green roofs have grown substantially in recent years, but have not yet developed significantly in terms of performance in reducing energy use and its operational phase. Several innovative construction methods are being used to reduce the energy consumption of buildings, among which green walls and green roofs are increasingly used in buildings, with green roofs effectively improving urban ecology. And provide a useful solution to environmental problems caused by construction. To this end, the present study investigates the thermal performance of three types of roofing (green, white and silver) in three different climatic conditions in Iran to simulate the structure and properties of each type of roofing in Design builder software. Design Builder will examine and compare their performance in the three climates in question. The results show the different impact of each roofing in three different climates and cities (Isfahan, Tehran and Bandar Anzali). The present study found that the use of white roofing is a reasonable choice for hot and dry climates, whereas in temperate and humid climates, the performance of green roofs was evaluated better than other roofs. These results emphasize on the necessity of considering the climatic conditions of the regions in order to select the appropriate materials.

Graphical Abstract

Thermal evaluation of large green roofs in comparison to other flat roofs (With the upper layer of silver and white)

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

Alexandri, E., & Jones, P. (2007). Developing a one-dimensional heat and mass transfer algorithm for describing the effect of green roofs on the built environment: Comparison with experimental results. Building and Environment, 42(8), 2835-2849.
Algarni, S. (2019). Potential for cooling load reduction in residential buildings using cool roofs in the harsh climate of Saudi Arabia. Energy & Environment, 30(2), 235-253.‏
Al-Obaidi, K. M., Ismail, M., & Rahman, A. M. A. (2 m 014). Design and performance of a novel innovative roofing system for tropical landed houses. Energy Conversion and Management, 85, 488-504.
Cai, L., Feng, X. P., Yu, J. Y., Xiang, Q. C., & Chen, R. (2019). Reduction in carbon dioxide emission and energy savings obtained by using a green roof. Aerosol and Air Quality Research, 19, 2432-2445.‏
Cantuaria, G. A. C. (1995). Microclimatic impact of vegetation on building surfaces (Doctoral dissertation).
Coma, J., Pérez, G., Solé, C., Castell, A., & Cabeza, L. F. (2016). Thermal assessment of extensive green roofs as passive tool for energy savings in buildings. Renewable Energy, 85, 1106-1115.
Del Barrio, E. P. (1998). Analysis of the green roofs cooling potential in buildings. Energy and buildings, 27(2), 179-193.
Djedjig, R., Bozonnet, E., & Belarbi, R. (2015). Analysis of thermal effects of vegetated envelopes: Integration of a validated model in a building energy simulation program. Energy and buildings, 86, 93-103.
Esabegloo, A., Haghshenas, M., & Borzoui, A. (2016). Comparing the results of thermal simulation of rasoulian house in Yazd by design builder software, with experimental data. Iran University of Science & Technology, 26(2), 121-130.‏
Heidarinejad, G., & Esmaili, A. (2015). Numerical simulation of the dual effect of green roof thermal performance. Energy Conversion and Management, 106, 1418-1425.
Hosseini, Seyed Mehdi and Hamed Moslehi. (2018). Feasibility study of using atrium to reduce the energy needs of the air conditioning system of the 4th district of Mashhad Municipality, International Conference on the Role of Mechanical Engineering in Urban Construction, Tehran, Tehran Province Building Engineering System Organization - Central Council of the Building Engineering System Organization.
Lazzarin, R. M., Castellotti, F., & Busato, F. (2005). Experimental measurements and numerical modelling of a green roof. Energy and Buildings, 37(12), 1260-1267.
Liu, K., & Bass, B. (2005). Performance of green roof systems. National Research Council Canada, Report No. NRCC-47705, Toronto, Canada.
Mahmoudi Zarandi, Mahnaz, Pakari, Neda. (2013). Design the right details of the green roof to reduce energy consumption of the building. Armanshahr architecture and urban planning. 141-151, 6 (11).
McPherson, E. G., Simpson, J. R., & Livingston, M. (1989). Effects of three landscape treatments on residential energy and water use in Tucson, Arizona. Energy and Buildings, 13(2), 127-138.
Moody, S. S., & Sailor, D. J. (2013). Development and application of a building energy performance metric for green roof systems. Energy and Buildings, 60, 262-269.
Nahrli, Davood, Abdollahi, Mehdi, Vali Beigi, Mojtaba. (1390). Investigating the limiting factors of green roof development in Iran based on hierarchical analysis. Environmental Studies 89-98. 37 (60).
Niachou, A., Papakonstantinou, K., Santamouris, M., Tsangrassoulis, A., & Mihalakakou, G. (2001). Analysis of the green roof thermal properties and investigation of its energy performance. Energy and buildings, 33(7), 719-729.
Olivieri, F., Di Perna, C., D’Orazio, M., Olivieri, L., & Neila, J. (2013). Experimental measurements and numerical model for the summer performance assessment of extensive green roofs in a Mediterranean coastal climate. Energy and Buildings, 63, 1-14.
Ong, K. S. (2011). Temperature reduction in attic and ceiling via insulation of several passive roof designs. Energy Conversion and Management, 52(6), 2405-2411.
Pulselli, R. M., Pulselli, F. M., Mazzali, U., Peron, F., & Bastianoni, S. (2014). Emergy based evaluation of environmental performances of Living Wall and Grass Wall systems. Energy and Buildings, 73, 200-211.
Rezvani, Mohammad, Payrvand, Mohammad Mehdi, Nojavan, Mehdi and Mehdi Sahba. (2017). Investigating the role of green roofs as a strategy to improve the quality of urban environment from the perspective of sustainable architecture. Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, Volume 18, 2.
Sailor, D. J. (2008). A green roof model for building energy simulation programs. Energy and buildings, 40(8), 1466-1478.
Sailor, D. J., Elley, T. B., & Gibson, M. (2012). Exploring the building energy impacts of green roof design decisions–a modeling study of buildings in four distinct climates. Journal of Building Physics, 35(4), 372-391.
Santamouris, M., Pavlou, C., Doukas, P., Mihalakakou, G., Synnefa, A., Hatzibiros, A., & Patargias, P. (2007). Investigating and analysing the energy and environmental performance of an experimental green roof system installed in a nursery school building in Athens, Greece. Energy, 32(9), 1781-1788.
Scarpa, M., Mazzali, U., & Peron, F. (2014). Modeling the energy performance of living walls: Validation against field measurements in temperate climate. Energy and Buildings, 79, 155-163.
Shah Hosseini, Mehdi and Hadi Kargar Sharifabad. (2017). Energy Modeling of Office Building in Garmsar with Design Builder Software and Investigating the Impact of Different Strategies in Energy Optimization, Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Vibration Research, Volume 8, Number 3, Serial Number 28, Pages 44-48.
Spala, A., Bagiorgas, H. S., Assimakopoulos, M. N., Kalavrouziotis, J., Matthopoulos, D., & Mihalakakou, G. (2008). On the green roof system. Selection, state of the art and energy potential investigation of a system installed in an office building in Athens, Greece. Renewable Energy, 33(1), 173-177.
Tabares-Velasco, P. C., & Srebric, J. (2012). A heat transfer model for assessment of plant based roofing systems in summer conditions. Building and Environment, 49, 310-323.
Theodosiou, T. G. (2003). Summer period analysis of the performance of a planted roof as a passive cooling technique. Energy and Buildings, 35(9), 909-917.
Williams, N. S., Rayner, J. P., & Raynor, K. J. (2010). Green roofs for a wide brown land: Opportunities and barriers for rooftop greening in Australia. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 9(3), 245-251.
Wong, E., Akbari, H., Bell, R., & Cole, D. (2011). Reducing urban heat islands: compendium of strategies. Environmental Protection Agency, retrieved May, 12, 2011.
Yew, M. C., Sulong, N. R., Chong, W. T., Poh, S. C., Ang, B. C., & Tan, K. H. (2013). Integration of thermal insulation coating and moving-air-cavity in a cool roof system for attic temperature reduction. Energy conversion and management, 75, 241-248.
Journal of Architectural Thought
Volume 4, Issue 8 - Serial Number 8
September 2020
Pages 237-251

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics